June 28, 2024 - 2:30pm

The Bank of England is now piling on Marine Le Pen and her Rassemblement National (RN) party in what could be construed as political interference in a foreign election. In its June Financial Stability Report, the BoE warned that a victory for Le Pen’s party could have a negative impact on Britain’s capacity to borrow. The argument is obviously nonsensical — an RN win has little effect on British public finances because they are two separate countries with separate public debt markets — and reveals a central bank that is stepping well outside its purview.

Since the French President Emmanuel Macron called an election earlier this month a slew of news stories have appeared, claiming that if the RN wins the bond markets will dump French government debt. They claimed that this would cause a crisis not dissimilar from what happened to Liz Truss’s government in 2022 when it tried to push through tax cuts. If this happens, it will only be because certain people in the Brussels technocracy have decided to draw attention to the public borrowing figures after Macron called an election.

After the sovereign debt crisis of 2011, the European Central Bank committed to stabilise government bond markets if borrowing costs soared. This meant that countries which adopted the euro — such as France — have had their debt backstopped by the ECB since Mario Draghi’s famous “whatever it takes” speech in 2012. In response to the panic caused by a potential RN victory, however, the ECB has been noncommittal about supporting the market, leading some to think that the bond markets are being weaponised against democratically-elected governments in Europe.

But new research suggests that voters are not convinced. A poll from last week found that 25% of respondents had the most confidence in Le Pen’s party on the economy while only 20% had confidence in Macron’s alliance. Among the same respondents, 22% had the most confidence in the Left-wing New Popular Front (NFP). Why, then, is the ECB dragging its feet?

The problem is that centrist parties like Macron’s have destroyed their own credibility on the economy, and so voters do not listen to them when they accuse others of economic incompetence. Take Ukraine, for example. Since the Russian invasion in early 2022, the French economy has been hobbling along, with GDP growth hovering at around 1%. Meanwhile, French manufacturing has been contracting since the summer of 2022 and high energy prices are leading to severe stagnation in the French economy. All of these factors have contributed to Macron’s unpopularity.

The problem for France, however, is that the genie is already out of the bottle. Bond markets are now watching the French election carefully and there is every chance that they will go into meltdown if the RN wins. Macron’s supporters thought that spreading this message would scare voters away from Le Pen, but they completely underestimated their own lack of credibility on the economy.

The result is that a French fiscal crisis, engineered by a discredited elite, may now be all but inevitable. If such a crisis occurs it will only make the electorate even angrier than it currently is. Expect plenty more political instability in France in the coming years.


Philip Pilkington is a macroeconomist and investment professional, and the author of The Reformation in Economics

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