December 16, 2024 - 12:00pm

The great American panic over unidentified aerial phenomena (UAPs) continues. Originally centred on New Jersey, reports of strange lights in the sky — mostly assumed to be drones — have spread to other parts of the United States, including Texas and Florida.

As Tom Rogan explains for UnHerd, these craft are almost certainly of terrestrial origin, but by playing down public concerns the US authorities haven’t done the best job of calming the nation. Nor has the President-elect, Donald Trump. Referring to what he calls the “mystery drones” — his advice is to “shoot them down”.

There is a danger of this story spiralling out of control. Take, for instance, the widely-shared image of a glowing ball of light. This one really does look extraterrestrial, which, indeed, it is — because, as Liv Boeree points out, it’s just an out-of-focus shot of a star or planet.

But before the misinformation bores show up to blame the whole thing on social media, it’s worth recalling that all this has happened before. I’m not talking about the UFO crazes that started in 1947 and have continued ever since, but the phantom airship sightings of the late 1890s. This was huge news at the time, but is largely forgotten today.

It all began on 17 November 1896, when the citizens of Sacramento, California saw a bright light and a shadowy shape moving across the darkened sky. Some witnesses reported hearing voices coming from above — presumed to be the pilots of the mysterious craft. What followed was a wave of similar tales spreading from the West Coast all the way inland to Chicago. These continued for months, each breathless report feeding the next.

The parallels to the current phenomenon are intriguing. Then, as now, there were loud condemnations of “yellow journalism” and public gullibility. Many of the sightings were assumed to be (and probably were) ignorant misidentifications or deliberate hoaxes. In a minority of incidents, there were wild claims of alien involvement. That said, the main focus of the panic was on a technology that actually existed.

The first manned hot air balloon rose from the ground in 1783. The first powered airship to stay successfully aloft did so in 1852. It wasn’t until the First World War that airships were used to bomb civilian populations, but the panic of 1896 — no matter how inaccurate in its specifics — was clearly prophetic. The American public were right to look up and shudder.

They can be forgiven for doing the same today. In the early 20th century, Germany became dominant in airship technology. Today, China is becoming dominant in drone technology. America’s greatest rival is already intimidating the West with displays of its prowess in this field.

Though often associated with targeted attacks, drones also have the potential to be used as a weapon of mass destruction: imagine a swarm of thousands of cheap, disposable devices — each one equipped with an incendiary charge. Now factor in the application of artificial intelligence and how that might be used to take out an entire city — or target a specified group of people for elimination.

As Americans watch the skies again tonight, there are those claiming that their government is testing out a top-secret drone-based weapon. On this occasion, I hope the conspiracy theorists are right.


Peter Franklin is Associate Editor of UnHerd. He was previously a policy advisor and speechwriter on environmental and social issues.

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