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Is trans surgery really as essential as cancer treatment?

'An ideology which promotes the interests of self-centred men over the rights of women.' Credit: Getty

'An ideology which promotes the interests of self-centred men over the rights of women.' Credit: Getty

July 14 2025 - 10:30am

Many women have long been anxious about the British judiciary’s stance on gender ideology. The Supreme Court decision in April — in which the court ruled that for the purposes of the Equality Act 2010, the terms “sex”, “man”, and “woman” refer to biological sex — has forced a long-overdue change of protocol. For one thing, it signalled to judges that they must halt the absurd spectacle of allowing rape suspects to use their “preferred pronouns” in criminal courts.

Now, though, an astonishing judgment in a divorce case has put the spotlight on the civil courts, suggesting that urgent intervention is required there as well. To most observers, the idea that an ex-wife should have to pay towards the cost of her husband’s “sex change” surgery is preposterous. But that’s what’s happened in a case heard in Brighton Family court, even though the husband’s desire to take cross-sex hormones and “transition to a woman” was the direct cause of the breakdown of the marriage.

The dispute hinged on whether “sex change” surgery was medically necessary and should be paid for out of joint funds. The judge, Stuart Farquhar, ruled that it was a “need”, not a “whim”, and it was therefore reasonable that the wife should pay half the £160,000 cost of the procedure.

Judges are not usually medically qualified, and therefore are not in the best position to judge medical matters. Despite what one might think from the propaganda of recent years, sex-change surgery is hugely controversial. Many people contest the notion that it is possible to change sex at all, arguing that surgery doesn’t turn men into women. Those who believe that one cannot change one’s sex would likely regard it as an elective procedure, like cosmetic surgery. The husband in this case argued the opposite, claiming that refusing to make his ex-wife pay half the cost would be “like saying someone who had cancer should not have the surgery”.

It’s not easy to see why the judge had any time for this argument, which puts a lifestyle choice on a par with treatment for a life-threatening condition. His ruling noted that the husband had provided medical evidence of gender dysphoria, which had caused “significant anxiety, depression and distress”. He went on to say that “vaginoplasty surgery was considered the appropriate next step.”

It’s worth spelling out what this means: a UK court considers it reasonable to expect a mother of two children to pay £80,000 towards the cost of her ex-husband obtaining a fake vagina. A mother who, in this instance, was “deeply shocked” when her husband announced he intended to live the rest of his life “as a lesbian woman”.

She began divorce proceedings, and the husband claimed he couldn’t afford to pay court-ordered maintenance to her and the children during their separation. He did, however, run up a £14,000 Amex bill in a single month, most of it spent on clothes, nail treatments, jewellery and restaurants.

Divorce is often difficult and acrimonious. But this case surely enters new territory, appearing to accept the claims of an ideology that’s had its central argument rejected by the country’s highest court. It also extends the definition of what is medically necessary, raising questions about other elective procedures. Should an ex-husband have to pay towards his wife’s breast enhancement, on the grounds that she’s depressed by their divorce and it will help her find a new partner?

Wives whose husbands claim to be transgender have not received sufficient sympathy or attention, even though they — and their children — are a living rebuttal of the “what harm does it do?” argument made by trans activists. The ruling raises new questions about impartiality, suggesting that the judiciary is still too inclined to accept the tenets of an ideology which promotes the interests of self-centred men over the rights of women.


Joan Smith is a novelist and columnist. She was previously Chair of the Mayor of London’s Violence Against Women and Girls Board, and is on the advisory group for Sex Matters. Her book Unfortunately, She Was A Nymphomaniac: A New History of Rome’s Imperial Women was published in November 2024.

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China is threatening America in the AI race

Reports sugget Zhipu AI  has released a new model that can rival leading US systems. Credit: Getty

Reports sugget Zhipu AI has released a new model that can rival leading US systems. Credit: Getty

July 1 2026 - 10:18am

China is trying to catch up with America on artificial intelligence. The Wall Street Journal has reported that Zhipu AI — one of China’s six “AI tiger” LLMs — has released a new model that can rival leading US systems, including Anthropic’s Mythos, in cybersecurity tasks such as pinpointing security bugs. While this marks a milestone in China’s drive to catch up with Western AI capabilities, strong performance on a single benchmark does not mean it has taken the lead. Chinese models still lag behind their Western counterparts in broader capabilities, such as autonomous operation. Skepticism is therefore warranted before resorting to hysterical conclusions, but complacency about the geopolitical implications of China’s AI advances would be an even greater mistake.

On the infrastructure side, Chinese AI is still constrained by access to advanced chips, with American labs way ahead in computing capacity as well as investment. Analysis from earlier this year suggests that Chinese models are likely to be at least a few months behind those in the US. But they are still continuing to make progress, or that the geopolitical importance of AI will be decided only by whose LLM has ventured deeper into the technological frontier. The practical applications of AI, countries’ to capture foreign markets, and the application of AI into the real economy will matter just as much.

Here, China may hold an advantage. As with its dominance across many critical supply chains, Beijing may not need to produce the most advanced AI systems — only those that are affordable and widely deployable. In doing so, it could consolidate global influence by supplying functional, low-cost AI at scale.

Beijing seems to be pursuing exactly that path, developing an AI “open-source” strategy that offers affordable, widely available AI models for companies and individuals to use and modify as they wish. The production of the DeepSeek AI model, which matched the performance of Silicon Valley tools such as ChatGPT at a fraction of the cost for users, created goodwill among Chinese models with developers.

The four most popular models on OpenRouter, an AI hardware platform for developers, are now all Chinese. The goal for China is not only to win the frontier-model race, but to make its systems the default layer of AI adoption across industries and global markets. For most economies, the choice is increasingly between an affordable tool they can deploy now and a more robust one that may be out of reach.

And while the countries adopting Chinese models may be exposed to political pressure and cyber threats from Beijing, safer and more capable alternatives matter little if they are unaffordable. American AI companies are already under pressure to monetize products whose operating costs are rising. If Chinese open-source models become the cheap default for startups, universities, governments and businesses across the developing world, then America’s AI lead will be eroded from below.

Perhaps more concerning for America in the long run is how AI can give Chinese manufacturing even more strength, through the ongoing integration of AI as a general-purpose technology. China’s new Five-Year Plan mentioned AI more than 50 times and includes an “AI+” action plan aimed at spreading AI across the economy.

Beijing has been pioneering automation of its critical infrastructure for years, with promising recent results in increasing warplane production capacity. In that regard, China’s open-model strategy and manufacturing dominance will reinforce each other. Cheap, adaptable models accelerate deployment across the real economy while those deployments generate real-world data and use cases that can feed back into further model improvement.

The United States should not dismiss the importance of its lead in the AI race. That lead worries Beijing, not least because a more automated Chinese economy would also become more vulnerable to AI-generated cyber threats. But nor should Washington assume that China cannot catch up with American capabilities over time.

This AI competition represents part of a broader struggle over tech supply chains and geopolitical influence. Decisions over whether to adopt US or Chinese models could produce a more fragmented global reality, with different regions relying on different cloud providers, chips and security structures. The result will likely be a global economy which is divided into competing spheres, rather than one which produces a single winner.


Miquel Vila is a political and geopolitical risk consultant focusing on industrial strategy, critical infrastructure and global supply chains.

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