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‘LGBT-inclusive education’ won’t fix Scotland’s schools

Contested ideologies are being prioritised over academic attainment. Credit: Getty

Contested ideologies are being prioritised over academic attainment. Credit: Getty

February 1 2025 - 3:30pm

“The children of tomorrow must not grow up with the prejudices of today,” according to the Scottish Government-funded charity TIE (Time for Inclusive Education). The charity, which specializes in “LGBT-inclusive education”, has been instrumental in shaping aspects of the Scottish educational curriculum and is now launching a new resource for teachers, the Digital Discourse Initiative, focused on tackling online misinformation and misogyny.

The charity cites the rise of young people being targeted by the “manosphere” and what it calls “the memeification of hate” online, where “forms of prejudice are being promoted as funny or countercultural.” It has consulted both the Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD), a think tank specializing in online disinformation and extremism, and Zero Tolerance, a charity dedicated to ending male violence against women, for their insight into the “radical misogyny” boys and young men are consuming in gaming and social media circles. Zero Tolerance, it should be noted, claims that “trans and non-binary rights are integral to, and contribute to, feminism.”

However, TIE is an organization that for some parent groups, notably SUE (the Scottish Union for Education), raises red flags. In 2024, its guidance for schools on how to tackle “anti-LGBT” bullying and promote an “inclusive” education was heavy on rhetoric yet light on substance. It held that “homophobia, biphobia and transphobia are continuing issues within education settings.” Yet the guidance didn’t go into detail about how to deal with teachers or pupils who do not subscribe to the unfalsifiable notion of “gender identity”. According to the SUE’s most recent newsletter, parents are not able to withdraw their children from LGBT-inclusive education.

The introductory video to the Digital Discourse Initiative project states that “children don’t yet have the cognitive tools to tell the difference between factual and false information […] they are still forming their own sense of identity.” If this is the case, then it is proper to ask whether kids who say they are transgender and wish to socially transition know fully what they are doing. Yet the charity’s guidance indicates a fully affirmative approach, in which “staff should be aware of the potential consequences for a young person if their identity is shared without their consent.”

It is vital that Scottish schools — indeed, any schools — are not hostile places where children bully each other. But social education is only part a school’s responsibility — and in almost all other parts of education, Scottish schools are failing. While TIE worries about the children of tomorrow growing up with the prejudices of previous generations, they say nothing about the children of tomorrow having noticeably poorer literacy and numeracy skills than those who came before. In December 2023, it was reported that one in four primary school children were not meeting literacy standards and this has shown few signs of improving. There remains a shameful attainment gap between children growing up in the most and least deprived areas. School absence and truancy statistics are also glaring, with 40% of secondary school pupils reported as persistently absent, meaning they miss at least 10% of classes.

Scottish education, once globally respected, has been in decline since the introduction of the “Curriculum for Excellence” system in 2010, which prioritizes skills over knowledge. Spending per pupil in Scotland is at least 18%, or £1,300, higher than elsewhere in the UK, yet Scottish pupils have fallen behind their English counterparts in both math and science. Then there’s the crisis in behavior: the extent of disrespect and aggression from pupils and lack of support from senior management has resulted in teachers taking industrial action.

Of course, some factors are outside institutional control. A child’s home life and parental support will impact greatly on their relationship with education, and we have still not recovered from the disaster of school closures during Covid-19.

If the SNP government is serious about tackling the decline in Scotland’s education system, perhaps it should give fewer resources to ideologically-driven lobby groups and return to a knowledge-based approach. The dangers online and the corrosive content on the internet is undoubtedly affecting young people globally. But unlike educating Scottish children, that is something Holyrood has almost no control over. It urgently needs to reassess its priorities.


Nina Welsch is a writer and former librarian.

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China is threatening America in the AI race

Reports sugget Zhipu AI  has released a new model that can rival leading US systems. Credit: Getty

Reports sugget Zhipu AI has released a new model that can rival leading US systems. Credit: Getty

July 1 2026 - 10:18am

China is trying to catch up with America on artificial intelligence. The Wall Street Journal has reported that Zhipu AI — one of China’s six “AI tiger” LLMs — has released a new model that can rival leading US systems, including Anthropic’s Mythos, in cybersecurity tasks such as pinpointing security bugs. While this marks a milestone in China’s drive to catch up with Western AI capabilities, strong performance on a single benchmark does not mean it has taken the lead. Chinese models still lag behind their Western counterparts in broader capabilities, such as autonomous operation. Skepticism is therefore warranted before resorting to hysterical conclusions, but complacency about the geopolitical implications of China’s AI advances would be an even greater mistake.

On the infrastructure side, Chinese AI is still constrained by access to advanced chips, with American labs way ahead in computing capacity as well as investment. Analysis from earlier this year suggests that Chinese models are likely to be at least a few months behind those in the US. But they are still continuing to make progress, or that the geopolitical importance of AI will be decided only by whose LLM has ventured deeper into the technological frontier. The practical applications of AI, countries’ to capture foreign markets, and the application of AI into the real economy will matter just as much.

Here, China may hold an advantage. As with its dominance across many critical supply chains, Beijing may not need to produce the most advanced AI systems — only those that are affordable and widely deployable. In doing so, it could consolidate global influence by supplying functional, low-cost AI at scale.

Beijing seems to be pursuing exactly that path, developing an AI “open-source” strategy that offers affordable, widely available AI models for companies and individuals to use and modify as they wish. The production of the DeepSeek AI model, which matched the performance of Silicon Valley tools such as ChatGPT at a fraction of the cost for users, created goodwill among Chinese models with developers.

The four most popular models on OpenRouter, an AI hardware platform for developers, are now all Chinese. The goal for China is not only to win the frontier-model race, but to make its systems the default layer of AI adoption across industries and global markets. For most economies, the choice is increasingly between an affordable tool they can deploy now and a more robust one that may be out of reach.

And while the countries adopting Chinese models may be exposed to political pressure and cyber threats from Beijing, safer and more capable alternatives matter little if they are unaffordable. American AI companies are already under pressure to monetize products whose operating costs are rising. If Chinese open-source models become the cheap default for startups, universities, governments and businesses across the developing world, then America’s AI lead will be eroded from below.

Perhaps more concerning for America in the long run is how AI can give Chinese manufacturing even more strength, through the ongoing integration of AI as a general-purpose technology. China’s new Five-Year Plan mentioned AI more than 50 times and includes an “AI+” action plan aimed at spreading AI across the economy.

Beijing has been pioneering automation of its critical infrastructure for years, with promising recent results in increasing warplane production capacity. In that regard, China’s open-model strategy and manufacturing dominance will reinforce each other. Cheap, adaptable models accelerate deployment across the real economy while those deployments generate real-world data and use cases that can feed back into further model improvement.

The United States should not dismiss the importance of its lead in the AI race. That lead worries Beijing, not least because a more automated Chinese economy would also become more vulnerable to AI-generated cyber threats. But nor should Washington assume that China cannot catch up with American capabilities over time.

This AI competition represents part of a broader struggle over tech supply chains and geopolitical influence. Decisions over whether to adopt US or Chinese models could produce a more fragmented global reality, with different regions relying on different cloud providers, chips and security structures. The result will likely be a global economy which is divided into competing spheres, rather than one which produces a single winner.


Miquel Vila is a political and geopolitical risk consultant focusing on industrial strategy, critical infrastructure and global supply chains.

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